PARALLEL
of the
ROMANS and FRANCIS
compared with
to the Government
Gabriel BONNOT de MABLY
2Tomes
At Jean VAN DUREN, The Hague, 1741.
Contemporary full calfskin binding.
Back with 5 ribs highlighted with cold-pressed fillets.
with 4 boxes with gilded floral decorations and a full-length frieze.
Title pieces of light brown leather, dark leather volume number
with title in golden letters and numbers.
All red edges.
In 12 (10 x 16.5 cm.) vi (Epitre), + xxviii (Preface and table of contents)
+ 370 + 420 pages
With paging errors of 360 to 370 for T1
and from 386 to 420 for T2 Still for this edition!
Decorated with 2 engravings on the title pages
And
coat of arms
at the head of the Epistle
To His Excellency the Marquis of FOGLIANI of ARAGON
Chamberlain
of
His Majesty the King of the two Sicilies
And
His Extraordinary Envoy
with their high powers,
The States-General of the United Provinces
Gabriel Bonnot de Mably
Grenoble, March 14, 1709 - Paris, April 2, 1785
Of Mably, from a family of parliamentary nobility and brother of Abbot Condillac, Jules Isaac wrote that “we could say that he was the prophet and advisor of the Revolution”. Reading the Rights and Duties of the Citizen, written in 1758, argues in favor of such a judgment. Almost alone among the Philosophers of the 18th century, Mably envisages revolution as a necessity if there is oppression of the body politic. He claims the right to insurrection as a right of resistance to oppression, maintaining that it is much more for not having wanted to change a vicious constitution than for having attempted the adventure of revolution that peoples forgetting their original freedom have fallen into decadence.
He subsequently developed the elements of a republicanism understood as a temperate government, guarantor of the freedom of citizens, opposed both to the excesses of despotism and the vertigo of anarchy. An anarchy which, however, when it is written "feudal government", escapes opprobrium in that it carries within it the beginnings of representative government and the sovereignty of the nation. Also Mably will praise Charlemagne, in his Observations on the history of France of 1764, the royal regulator of this anarchy, but only because he knew how to respect Frankish liberties in the regular maintenance of the “fields of May ".
Mably gave a concrete turn to his reflections, in response to requests from the Confederates of Bar, when he published On the Government and Laws of Poland in 1771, seeking, with Rousseau, solutions for the survival of this republican and anarchic monarchy.
Finally, he strives to extend his egalitarian concepts to the economic and social order. His Doubts proposed to economists on the natural and essential order of political societies (1768) expose an egalitarian liberalism contesting the “natural” character of the right to material property, affirmed by the Physiocrats, unlike the right to self-ownership which is the freedom of modern natural law. A lesson that Robespierre and the Montagnards would not forget in 1793.
Jules Isaac was undoubtedly not wrong to point out that “we even found in Mably precise advice on how to move from theory to practice”. A way of reminding us that the political philosophy of the 18th century was not pure speculation, social metaphysics indifferent to any pragmatic consideration.